Intro to Ethernet cabling – Introduction to OSI layer model – The internetworking

Different cabling standards are used some of the standards defined by EIA/TIA are

10Base2-This is 10 MBPS baseband technology and can have length up to 185 meters .Maximum supported workstations can be 30.It is also called thinnet.AUI connectors are used to connect devices the segment

10Base5-This is also 10MBPS baseband connection and can have length upto 500 metres.It is called thicknet.Also used AUI connectors

10BaseT-It Uses 3 UTP wire and we need a switch or hub in this technology .Only device can connect to one segment using rj45 jacks.

100BaseTX-Uses CAT5 or later cables .It also supports one user per segment but with 100mbps speed. Physical star topology and logical bus.

100BaseFx-Uses multimode fiber. Max length can be 412 meters

1000BaseCX-Copper twisted pair cable can be upto 25 metres

Types of Cables

1.)Straight-

This type of cable is used to connect devices like Pc to Switch or router to switch. In real time only 4 wires are necessary .PIN 1,2,3 and 6 are two receiving and transmitting pairs.Connecting 1-1,2-2,3-3 and 6-6 will make connect your pc to hub or switch but it wont work with any other thing like voice or isdn

2.)Crossover Cable-

This type of cable is used to connect devices of same type .like
Switch to switch or hub to hub etc .

3.)Rollover cable-

It is a special cable it looks like an Ethernet cable but its function is to connect the router or switch using serial comm. Port with the help of DB9/25 or rs232 adapter.

Ethernet Crossover Cable Pinout

Ethernet Crossover Cable

An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to connect computing devices together directly where they would normally be connected via a network switch, hub or router. For example, one would use a crossover cable to directly connect two personal computers via their network adapters.

Ethernet Crossover Cable Pinout

Making an ethernet crossover cable is not difficult if you know the proper pinouts and have the proper tools and materials. See photos below for 100Mbps and Gigabit crossover cable pinouts.

100Mbps Crossover – 10baseT/100baseTX crossover ( shown as T568A )

Gigabit Crossover – 10base-T/100base-TX/1000base-TX/T4 crossover (shown as T568B)

In practice, it does not matter if your Ethernet cables are wired as T568A or T568B, just so long as both ends follow the same wiring format. It is just as valid to make a four-pair crossover using T568A, or a two pair crossover using T568B, as it is to wire them the way shown here.

Typical commercially available “pre-wired” cables can follow either format depending on who made them. What this means is that you may discover that one manufacturer’s cables are wired one way and another’s the other way, yet both are “correct” and will work. In either case, T568A or T568B, a normal (un-crossed) cable will have both ends wired according to the layout in the first connections column.